Saturday, 2 July 2016

读书会《性别有自信,孩子更快乐》

为何从“认识性别”入门谈孩子的“快乐人生”?

父母是孩子们学习与异性相处的楷模。外强中虚的大男人,柔弱无能的小女人是无法培养孩子学习如何活出他/她人生角色的特色。唯有让孩子了解男女有别后,从互信互重、彼此承担弱点,才能建立健康的两性关系,使各方活出各自人生角色的特色。

《性别有自信,孩子更快乐》之所以是必读之书,是在于它强调家庭对儿童带来的价值地位,从“分离与个体化”、“性别认同铭印”、“防卫性的疏离”、“防卫性的依附”等理论,告知家长/教育者与其让孩子在未来对性别的价值是被动式地认同与接纳,不如先主动培养孩子的性别自信,掌握人生起步的关键,助孩子踏上自己的幸福之路!

《性别有自信,孩子更快乐》分为三大部分:
第一、浅谈性别的自信是从小建立,细谈缺乏自信而引起大男人与小女人的心态。
第二、深入心理分析幼儿期的依附关系,探讨男女发展过程中常见的问题。
第三、是父母的实用指南,谈培养健康良好的性别自信,分别从六大成长阶段(出生到婚姻)探讨每个阶段的特色。


https://www.facebook.com/DreamyWoods/photos/gm.478953658968055/1723188894599065/?type=3&theater

Saturday, 23 May 2015

悲剧

悲剧是崇高的集中形态,是一种崇高的美。悲剧中所体现的崇高,经常以其庄严的内容和粗犷的形式震撼人心,引起人们的崇敬和自豪。它是对进步社会力量的实践斗争的积极肯定。它与悲观、消沉等完全是不同的。在这里悲剧不仅作为一种戏剧的种类,而是作为一种美学的范畴。《美学原理新编》页225

美学

人的心灵美、内在美、性格美等等,虽有感性的表现形式,如语言、动作、表情等,但单靠感觉活动是体会不深不全面的,甚至有可能造成感觉上的错误。只有理性的思维活动,才能较深刻、较全面地体验人的心灵美,产生审美愉悦和享受。至于欣赏有复杂的故事情节和众多的人物形象的艺术品,那就更需要理性的思维活动了。......理性是不外漏的,而是融合、渗透、消化、沉淀在知觉和表象等感性因素中,好像盐溶解于水,有盐味而不见盐一样。美感中的理性也正是如此,它溶解于生动的具体的形象感受当中,有理性作用,而又不见理性。正是“体匿性存”,给人以精神上的理解、领悟和自由的喜悦。这是美感不同于一般认识,也是美感中形象直接的具体表现。《美学原理新编》页262-3


内在美


人的美重在内容:心灵美、精神美、性格美、内在美、诚于中而形于外。
鸟美在羽毛,人美在勤劳、
花美在外边,人美在心里、
人美不在貌,而在于心、
样儿好,比不上心眼好,这些都强调“应该学会把心灵的美看得比形体的美更为可贵,因为在一切创造物中间没有比人的心灵更为可贵”。
《雷锋日记》曾提过,美更是侧重于精神的内涵 -
战士那褪了色的补补丁的黄军装是美好的、
工人那一身油迹斑斑的蓝工装是最美的、
农民那一双粗壮的满是厚茧的手是最美的、
劳动人民那被晒的熏黑的脸是最美的、
粗犷、雄伟的劳动号子是最美的声音、

为社会主义建设孜孜不倦地工作的灵魂是最美的!《美》页65-6

哲来又折去


哲学难懂是因为它这边哲过来那边又哲过去......呵呵!《文化中国》第81期,第6页 - 哲学是神学的婢女。在欧洲有很多贵族,他们是很少或不做事,许多事都由婢女来做,也就是说,在某种程度上他们离不开婢女。这表明神学是非常注重哲学的,好的哲学训练对与研究神学是非常有帮助的。



不完美的我 需要您

"我不完美,我需要在您温暖的爱与呵护之下健康成长。"

妈妈在孩子的生命所扮演的角色是无人可以取代的(当然爸爸的角色也是举足轻重的)。在成长过程中,若父母经常把“考试分数多少?”挂在嘴边,这可表示父母重视学习“结果”多于学习“过程”。其实学习成绩(结果)是次要,良好的生命状态才是最重要。父母在功利心态的驱使下,往往过分看重分数,而丢了孩子的生命状态。

父母可以注意本身的生命状态,常确保自己能心平和气,以温柔的口气跟孩子沟通,将会是让孩子健全成长的苗床。Erik Erikson的人生心理成长的八个阶段中提到,0岁到12岁的孩子最需要的是帮助孩子建立信任,让小朋友有自我统合(ego identity)的感觉。从小让孩子学习自主独立,这意味着按小朋友的意愿有行事的能力(virtue of will)。3到6岁的孩子喜欢探索、好奇心强、有丰富的创造力,若发展的好就会在人格中形成目的的品质(virtue of purpose);反之,则在人格中形成无价值感(unworthiness)。6到12岁时,若不能发展出勤奋感,就可能产生自卑感。Erikson 认为好的老师在一个阶段对而动的影响很大。老师的角色固然重要,但是笔者更认为《好妈妈胜过好老师》(2009年尹建莉著图书)。
一瞬间,孩子就长大了!爸爸妈妈要学习常竖起大母子给孩子肯定。父母健康的生命状态是助孩子心灵健康成长必须的苗床。除了重视学习成绩,更要细心看顾孩子的精神需求,让孩子在您温暖的爱与呵护之下健康成长。

文与图:美玲
图:我不完美,我需要在您温暖的爱与呵护之下健康成长。
参考:《忠告》周弘、http://www.douban.com/note/147222193/




Tuesday, 19 August 2014

Mistakes made in raising a special child

OVER the last few years, many more educational and therapy centres have sprung up to cater to the needs of special children. It is good to see this healthy development; parents have more choices to pick from.
However, having said that, I hope they provide high quality services and their fees are reasonable. I also hope they provide guidance for parents.
My daughter is now 19 years old and I think I have come a long way. When she was just diagnosed as a slow learner, I remember I was given only two contacts. Apart from that, I wasn’t given any counselling nor any other support.
As I didn’t know better, I assumed that, with therapy, things would improve accordingly and my daughter would “catch up” and be ready for school when the time came. She was diagnosed as being Global Developmental Delayed, which didn’t sound like anything serious, or so I thought. That was my first mistake!
The second mistake was to totally rely on the professionals to handle the situation and to expect them to advise me accordingly.
They were good in what they did; however, they were not able to provide a “comprehensive guide”. I had assumed that therapy alone would address all her issues. I did not think to engage her in other relevant activities which would help her improve. I did not understand the science of cognitive development. I didn’t realise how one small weak spot would have a major impact on other areas of her development.
I tried my best to help her “move up the developmental chart”. That in itself was the right thing to do; however, I did not do the correct things in the proper sequence. Instead of fully concentrating on her speech and fine motor skills, I enrolled her for “early tuition” to prepare her for school. That was the third mistake!
I now realise that was not a good move. I hadn’t helped my daughter build a solid foundation, yet I pushed her to “construct the floors above”. She was still struggling with her fine motor skills, yet she was expected to write.
There I was, forcing her to practise more in order to improve her handwriting! Sure, practice makes perfect, but when your tools are inefficient, no amount of practice is going to do any good!
If I could turn back the clock, I would certainly pay attention to building her foundation skills and allocate more time for play. Now that I know better, I realise that play is a must-have activity. It is through play that a child gets to practise life skills in a fun and non-stressful manner.
In my daughter’s case, I should have brought her to the playground more often, played more board games and sent her for arts and crafts classes.
When she was in kindergarten, her teachers were patient and more lenient with her. And perhaps it was also because the teachers did not set a high benchmark for her that I thought she was doing as well as she could.
The true test came when she entered formal schooling. It was obvious that she couldn’t cope with the demands of school. The first three months were a real nightmare for me (and I am sure, for her, too).
In the first school, she was clearly lost in the sea of 45 classmates. So, I transferred her to a new school with around 20 students. There, she stood out like a sore thumb and soon, I was told she needed to go to a special class (at another school). I refused that option and began searching for a third school.
When I found a private school willing to help her, I thought it would be a happy ending. It was not, as she wasn’t able to cope and started having behavioural issues.
I was desperate, and certainly very near to a nervous breakdown when a friend suggested a home-school centre. Thank God the final option was a success, otherwise I would be the one needing professional help!
Looking back, it was truly a blessing in disguise that the regular schools didn’t work out for her. Although aged seven, I think her developmental level was that of a five year old, thus, she was clearly not ready for school.
Being in a home-school centre allowed her the opportunity to progress at her own pace (and never compared with her peers). By then, many mistakes were made but there was no time to cry over spilled milk.
I decided to take a few steps back and work on rebuilding her foundation. Her schoolwork became secondary; I spent more time helping her improve her social and communication skills. By then, thankfully, her fine motor skills were much improved and she was able to function rather independently.
Time has certainly flown by. The last decade has been spent helping my daughter cope with the different phases in her life. She is still behind in many areas and I suspect she will not “catch up”.
However, I remain positive that every new day is a day to learn something new, a fresh beginning for me as her mother/teacher/friend and for her, too. Oh! How I wish I had a mentor …. – ANNA WONG
Parents who have questions about learning disabilities and how to detect them can contact Anna Wong at annawong@senses-at-play.com.
http://thotsntots.com/mistakes-made-in-raising-a-special-child/